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#IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGNER INSTALL#

Furrow irrigation is more suitable for row crops where only part of the field surface is irrigated. Surface irrigation methods include furrow irrigation, border irrigation and flood irrigation. It is not suitable for sandy soils due to their high infiltration rate. Surface irrigation has a high labor requirement, and, of all irrigation methods, surface irrigation has the lowest water use efficiency (around 55%). The system is designed in such a way that water flows from a water supply ditch at the upper end of the field to the lower end of the field and infiltrates into the soil as it advances. Surface irrigation refers to irrigation systems that deliver water across the field by gravity. The main three types of irrigation systems are surface irrigation, overhead irrigation and localized irrigation.

What is are the costs and labor requirements of the system?.

What is the source of water supply? What is the water quality?.

What are the water requirements of the crop in its specific location?.

What is the depth of the crop’s root system?.

What is the planting density of the crop?.

Will the field be divided to irrigation sections?.

What is the soil texture? How much water can the soil retain?.

Answering the following questions can help in determining the characteristics of the irrigation system. Once the free-standing span is located, calculate the position of the centerline of the ditch approximately 12 feet outside of the flenge on the l inear cart.Ĭonsider potential for moving system beyond field boundary for convenience during cultivation and harvest operation.Designing an irrigation system requires knowledge of the crop, field conditions, soil and water. Remember to add 1.7 feet for transition pipe. At the approximate center of the system, locate the free-standing span, considering GPM requirements, pipe sizing, available span lengths, etc. The shortest dimension, if any difference will be used to determine the maximum system length, less 6 feet on each side for clearance. Center feed and new ditch (right picture) Also remember that the free-standing span (with boss unit) in the center of the field must be positioned approximately 12 feet away from the center line of the ditch, using the span flange as the calculation point. Also deduct 6 feet from each end for clearance. Remember to add 1.7 feet for the transition pipe. The shortest dimension “E” or “G” added to the shortest of “F” or “H” will be used to determine our irrigation system design length.

#IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGNER INSTALL#

The shortest dimension, less 6 feet clearance, less 12 feet inlet, less 4 feet ditch (centerline) is the longest system that we can install (considering span lengths).Ĭenter feed and existing ditch (left picture) The shortest dimension, less 12 feet for inlet length, for dirt ditch, and 7 feet for concrete ditch, less 6 feet for end tower or overhang clearance is the longest linear irrigation system we can install (assuming that span lengths can be arranged to fit). Definition of dimensional terms End feed and existing ditch (left picture) Also there are two possibilities concerning the ditch: it may be an existing ditch or we may have to locate and construct a new ditch. This, of course, determines whether we have and end feed or center feed system. The initial field/system design for the l inear System begins with the determination of field dimensions and the location of a ditch, either at the edge of a field or through the approximate center of the field.

There are many variables to be considered, and specific recommendations are sometimes difficult to determine, but the well-informed system designer should be able to combine the information in this design guide with his own knowledge and information from other sources to arrive at a well-designed irrigation tool for the farmer. This guide does not attempt to cover the basic linear irrigation system design considerations such as water quality, crop consumptive use requirements, water management, climate, etc it is assumed the irrigation designer will have already investigated these factors, and is now faced with having to consider how a linear irrigation system might be applied to a specific situation. The purpose of this design guide is to acquaint the irrigation designer with some of the unique considerations involved in designing linear irrigation system installations.